What specific IgE testing is
A blood immunoassay that measures IgE antibodies directed against individual allergens or allergenic molecular components.
The five classes of antibody
The immune system produces several classes of antibodies, each with a different role in the body’s defences.
- IgG are the most abundant antibodies in blood and are involved in long-term protection.
- IgA are found at mucosal surfaces and contribute to local defence.
- IgM commonly appear in the early phases of an immune response.
- IgE are the antibodies associated with allergic responses and with antiparasitic defence.
- IgD play a role in the maturation and activation of B lymphocytes.
What happens in IgE-mediated allergy
In IgE-mediated allergy, the body produces IgE antibodies against allergens that are harmless to most people, such as pollens, dust mites, moulds, foods, venoms or animal danders.
These IgE antibodies can bind to the surface of mast cells and basophils, the cells involved in allergic reactions. On re-exposure to the allergen, activation of these cells can lead to the release of inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, which cause the symptoms.
What specific IgE testing measures
ImmunoCAP™ specific IgE testing is an advanced blood immunoassay that measures the presence of IgE antibodies directed against individual allergens or allergenic molecular components.
This type of testing is used to objectively document IgE-mediated sensitization when there is a clinical suspicion of allergy, based on symptoms, medical history and exposure context.
A positive specific IgE result does not confirm an allergy diagnosis on its own. It shows that the immune system has produced antibodies against that allergen. The result becomes clinically relevant only when it matches the symptoms.
What the result helps with
ImmunoCAP™ specific IgE testing is a diagnostic tool that helps the physician:
- distinguish between sensitization and true allergy;
- identify the relevant allergens;
- assess the risk of systemic reactions;
- guide treatment decisions.